Article Details
Strategi Komersialisasi Pertanian Berbasis Efisiensi Teknis: Studi pada Produksi Padi di Indonesia
Agricultural Commercialization Strategy Based on Technical Efficiency: A Study on Rice Production in Indonesia
Main Article Content
Transformasi pertanian dari sistem subsisten ke sistem komersial menjadi salah satu strategi utama dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan petani di Indonesia. Komersialisasi pertanian tidak hanya ditentukan oleh kemampuan produksi berlebih, tetapi juga sangat bergantung pada efisiensi teknis dalam penggunaan input. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi efisiensi produksi padi pada rumah tangga petani padi di Indonesia serta kaitan efisiensi teknis dengan komersialisasi pertanian rumah tangga petunia padi. Metode yang digunakan adalah Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) dengan pendekatan fungsi produksi translog, menggunakan data sekunder dari sensus pertanian BPS dengan 3.792 observasi rumah tangga tani. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata efisiensi teknis petani padi sebesar 61,3%, menandakan masih terdapat potensi produksi sebesar 38,7% yang belum termanfaatkan. Faktor luas lahan memiliki pengaruh positif paling signifikan terhadap efisiensi teknis, sedangkan biaya pupuk dan sewa mesin justru berdampak negatif terhadap produktivitas. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa komersialisasi pertanian padi tidak dapat dicapai secara optimal tanpa perbaikan dalam akses lahan, efisiensi penggunaan teknologi, serta stabilisasi harga input dan output. Oleh karena itu, kebijakan pertanian yang berfokus pada optimalisasi penggunaan input, reformasi akses lahan, dan penguatan integrasi petani dalam rantai pasok agribisnis menjadi sangat penting. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi terhadap perumusan strategi kebijakan pembangunan pertanian yang mendorong efisiensi dan daya saing dalam proses komersialisasi pertanian secara berkelanjutan.
Received: 30 Apr 2025; Accepted: 11 Sep 2025; Available Online: 19 Dec 2025;
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