AI Tool Usage Policy

The journal is committed to maintaining scientific integrity, transparency, confidentiality, and ethical responsibility throughout the publication process. The use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools and AI-assisted technologies is governed by the following provisions:

Use and Disclosure of AI by Authors

• Disclosure Requirement
  Authors must disclose any use of generative artificial intelligence tools or services during manuscript preparation. This requirement applies when AI is used for language editing, grammar correction, paraphrasing, translation, summarization, improving readability, or other writing-related assistance.
• Placement of Disclosure
  The disclosure must appear in a dedicated section entitled:

Declaration of Generative AI Use in the Writing Process

This section must be placed after the Conclusion and before the References.

• Disclosure Requirements
  Authors must identify the AI tool or service used, explain its specific purpose, and confirm that all AI-generated content has been carefully reviewed, verified, and edited.
• Authorship Prohibition
  Generative AI tools cannot be listed as authors or co-authors because they cannot meet authorship responsibilities, declare conflicts of interest, transfer copyright, or assume accountability for published content.
• Data Manipulation and Ethical Violations
  The use of AI to fabricate or manipulate research data, analytical results, references, citations, images, or scientific findings is strictly prohibited. Disclosure of AI use does not release authors from responsibility for errors, bias, plagiarism, confidentiality breaches, copyright infringement, or other ethical violations.

Required Standard Statements for Authors:

Authors must include one of the following mandatory statement templates in their submitted manuscript:

Required statement when generative AI HAS been used:

"The author(s) used [NAME OF AI TOOL OR SERVICE] during the preparation of this manuscript to [SPECIFY THE PURPOSE, e.g., improve grammar, translate specific passages, paraphrase text, or enhance readability]. After using the tool or service, the author(s) carefully reviewed, verified, and edited all generated content. The author(s) take full responsibility for the accuracy, originality, integrity, and content of this publication."

Required statement when NO generative AI has been used:

"Nothing to disclose."

Limits on AI Use by Editors

• Scope of Use
  Editors may only use AI-based tools to assist with preliminary administrative tasks, such as technical formatting checks, similarity/plagiarism screening, or identifying potential conflicts of interest.
• Human-in-the-Loop Decision Making
  AI must not be used as the sole or primary basis for making editorial decisions (rejection, revision, or acceptance of a manuscript). Final editorial decisions remain strictly the responsibility, authority, and intellectual judgment of human decision-makers (the Editor-in-Chief / Handling Editor/Editorial Board).

Strict Prohibition of AI Use by Peer Reviewers

• Confidentiality and Ethical Framework
  All submitted manuscripts and review materials are strictly confidential.
• Prohibition on Uploading and Analysis
  Reviewers are strictly prohibited from uploading manuscripts, manuscript excerpts, data, figures, tables, or supplementary materials into public generative AI systems or external AI services for analysis, evaluation, or processing.
• Human-Generated Review Reports
  Reviewers are strictly forbidden from using AI to draft, formulate, or generate review comments, feedback, or formal Reviewer Reports. All evaluations, critical feedback, and suggestions must originate solely from the reviewer's personal scholarly expertise, critical thinking, and judgment.

Human Responsibility for Scientific Integrity

• Human oversight is the overarching principle. Humans (Authors, Editors, and Reviewers) retain full responsibility for the originality, confidentiality, accountability, accuracy, and overall scientific integrity of published scholarly content from submission through publication (Pengawasan manusia (human oversight).