Article Details
Pegujian Beberapa Jenis Tanaman Pokem (Setaria italica L.) dalam Mendukung Ketahanan Pangan di Kabupaten Manokwari Papua Barat
Testing of Several Types of Pokem Plants (Setaria italica L.) in Supporting Food Security in Manokwari Regency, West Papua
Main Article Content
Pertumbuhan jumlah penduduk Indonesia yang terus meningkat menimbulkan tantangan serius terhadap ketahanan pangan, terutama karena ketergantungan yang sangat tinggi pada beras sebagai makanan pokok. Salah satu alternatif pangan yang berpotensi adalah pokem (Setaria italica L.), tanaman lokal Papua yang memiliki kandungan gizi tinggi dan toleransi baik terhadap kondisi lingkungan kering. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi tiga genotipe pokem (hitam, merah, dan putih) yang dibudidayakan di lahan percobaan Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Papua pada Desember 2024 – Februari 2025 menggunakan rancangan kelompok lengkap teracak (RKLT) dengan sembilan ulangan. Parameter yang diamati meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, diameter batang, jumlah anakan, umur berbunga, umur panen, panjang malai, bobot malai, dan produksi. Hasil analisis sidik ragam menunjukkan bahwa jumlah daun, umur berbunga, umur panen, dan panjang malai berbeda nyata antar genotipe, sementara karakter produksi tidak menunjukkan perbedaan signifikan. Produksi tertinggi dicatat pada genotipe pokem hitam sebesar 1,50 ton ha⁻¹. Analisis korelasi menunjukkan bahwa tinggi tanaman berkorelasi positif dengan produksi (r = 0,66), sedangkan diameter batang berkorelasi negatif dengan tinggi tanaman (r = -1,00), mengindikasikan adanya trade-off pertumbuhan. Selain itu, korelasi positif yang kuat teridentifikasi antara umur berbunga, umur panen, jumlah daun, dan tinggi tanaman, sementara panjang malai berkorelasi negatif dengan jumlah daun maupun umur berbunga. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa pokem hitam berpotensi dikembangkan sebagai sumber pangan alternatif untuk mendukung ketahanan pangan di Papua Barat, dengan perlunya penelitian lanjutan pada aspek agronomi, lingkungan, dan pemuliaan genetik.
Received: 20 May 2025; Accepted: 28 Oct 2025; Available Online: 20 Feb 2026;
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