Soil Physical Characteristics and Erosion Potential for Urban Agricultural Land Conservation in Samarinda Ilir
Karakteristik Fisik Tanah dan Potensi Erosi untuk Konservasi Lahan Pertanian Perkotaan di Samarinda Ilir
Abstract
Urban agricultural land in Samarinda Ilir is increasingly shaped by two interrelated problems: the scarcity of open soil within dense settlements and the exposure of cut slopes to erosion under high tropical rainfall. This study aimed to analyze soil physical characteristics and erosion potential as a basis for soil and water conservation recommendations that support home gardens, community gardens, and urban agriculture. A qualitative descriptive method was applied through field observation at two sites in Samarinda Ilir District, namely an open residential plot in Pelita Subdistrict and a cut-slope corridor along Kuburan Cina Street, Sungai Pinang Dalam Subdistrict. Primary data were obtained from soil color observation using the Munsell Soil Color Chart, field-based identification of texture, structure, consistency, soil profile, vegetation cover, topography, land management, and visual documentation. The results showed that the Pelita soil had a brown color of 7.5 YR 4/4, a moderately coarse texture, very coarse angular blocky structure, non-plastic but sticky wet consistency, very friable moist consistency, soft dry consistency, and a mineral A horizon. These characteristics indicate potential for home-garden cultivation but require organic matter amendment, mulching, and reduced compaction. In contrast, the Kuburan Cina slope showed high erosion susceptibility due to steep cut-slope morphology, exposed soil and rock materials, sparse protective vegetation, sediment accumulation at the slope foot, and limited mechanical conservation structures. The study concludes that site-specific conservation in Samarinda Ilir should integrate organic soil improvement, vegetative cover, contour drainage, infiltration pits, slope revegetation, and periodic monitoring.
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