Strategi Pembangunan Lanskap Pertanian dan Kehutanan Berkelanjutan di Geopark Kebumen melalui Pendekatan Tinjauan Literatur Sistematis
Sustainable Agricultural and Forestry Landscape Development Strategy in Kebumen Geopark: A Systematic Literature Review Approach
Abstract
Kawasan Geopark Kebumen Karangsambung-Karangbolong menyimpan potensi lanskap pertanian dan kehutanan yang substansial, namun sintesis ilmiah lintas sektoral di wilayah ini masih sangat terbatas. Kajian ini bertujuan mengidentifikasi potensi, hambatan struktural, dan strategi pembangunan lanskap pertanian-kehutanan berkelanjutan di Kabupaten Kebumen melalui pendekatan Systematic Literature Review (SLR) berbasis protokol PRISMA 2020. Pencarian dilakukan pada basis data Scopus menggunakan kueri Boolean terstruktur, menghasilkan 30 artikel final setelah proses seleksi berlapis. Sintesis tematik naratif mengungkap empat tema utama: diversifikasi komoditas pertanian dan keunggulan sapi Peranakan Ongole, sistem hutan rakyat berbasis koperasi Kostajasa, kerentanan iklim dan tekanan ekologis pesisir, serta fragmentasi tata kelola kelembagaan. Hambatan struktural yang teridentifikasi bersifat multidimensi dan saling memperkuat, mencakup fragmentasi lahan, keterbatasan akses pasar, dan lemahnya kapasitas BUMDes. Kajian ini merumuskan lima strategi kebijakan, termasuk penguatan agroforestri, pengembangan geo-products, dan pembentukan forum tata kelola multipihak. Temuan ini menyediakan dasar ilmiah bagi perencanaan pembangunan wilayah Kebumen yang lebih integratif dan berbasis bukti.
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