Implementasi Sustainable Supply Chain Management dalam Pengembangan Industri Agribisnis
Implementation of Sustainable Supply Chain Management in the Development of the Agribusiness Industry
Abstract
Sektor agribisnis menghadapi tekanan ganda untuk memastikan ketahanan pangan sekaligus mereduksi jejak ekologis rantai pasoknya, menjadikan implementasi Sustainable Supply Chain Management (SSCM) sebagai imperatif strategis yang tidak terelakkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis implementasi SSCM dalam industri agribisnis serta mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor pendukung, penghambat, dan peran teknologi digital dalam pelaksanaannya. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan Systematic Literature Review (SLR) dengan penelusuran literatur melalui basis data ScienceDirect menggunakan kombinasi kata kunci berbasis operator Boolean. Rentang waktu publikasi dibatasi dari tahun 2016 hingga 2026. Proses seleksi mengikuti kerangka PRISMA, dimulai dari 877 artikel yang teridentifikasi, tersaring menjadi 159 artikel, kemudian 31 artikel, hingga ditetapkan 19 artikel ilmiah dan 2 laporan studi sebagai sampel utama. Hasil sintesis menunjukkan bahwa implementasi SSCM memberikan dampak positif nyata pada tiga dimensi kinerja, yaitu lingkungan melalui pengurangan eco-intensity dan efisiensi energi rantai dingin, ekonomi melalui optimasi sumber daya dan digitalisasi pemantauan, serta tata kelola melalui penguatan transparansi dan akuntabilitas ESG. Faktor pendukung utama mencakup adopsi teknologi digital dan Industri 4.0, berbagi informasi antar-aktor, dan dukungan kelembagaan, sementara hambatan utama berupa keterbatasan finansial dan teknis, fragmentasi rantai pasok, serta ketidakpastian karakteristik produk agribisnis yang mudah rusak. Implementasi SSCM yang efektif dalam agribisnis memerlukan integrasi teknologi, penguatan kelembagaan, dan kolaborasi lintas aktor secara simultan dan berkelanjutan.
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