Arah Perkembangan Penelitian Penyuluhan dan Komunikasi Pertanian Pangan
Research Trends in Agricultural Extension and Communication for Food Crops
Abstract
Penyuluhan pertanian merupakan komponen strategis dalam mendukung pembangunan pertanian pangan di Indonesia, namun peta arah perkembangannya secara sistematis belum banyak dikaji. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis arah perkembangan penelitian penyuluhan dan komunikasi pertanian pangan di Indonesia dalam kurun waktu 2015–2026. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan Systematic Literature Review (SLR) yang mengacu pada pedoman PRISMA 2020. Pencarian literatur dilakukan pada basis data Scopus dengan menggunakan kueri terstruktur yang menggabungkan istilah-istilah terkait penyuluhan pertanian, komunikasi, kebijakan, dan perkembangan penelitian. Kriteria seleksi mencakup artikel jurnal, prosiding, dan artikel review berbahasa Inggris yang dipublikasikan antara 2015–2026, dengan topik relevan pada bidang penyuluhan dan komunikasi pertanian pangan di Indonesia. Dari 770 artikel awal yang teridentifikasi, setelah melalui proses eliminasi bertahap diperoleh 100 artikel final yang dianalisis menggunakan perangkat lunak VOSviewer untuk memetakan jaringan ko-okurensi kata kunci. Hasil analisis mengidentifikasi empat klaster tematik utama, yaitu: (1) inovasi dan adopsi teknologi pertanian oleh petani kecil; (2) keberlanjutan dan ketahanan pangan; (3) arah kebijakan dan pengambilan keputusan; serta (4) kapasitas dan pendidikan penyuluh. Kata kunci "agricultural extension" menjadi node terpusat yang menghubungkan seluruh klaster, sedangkan gap penelitian terbesar ditemukan pada aspek komunikasi pertanian berbasis digital. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa arah perkembangan penelitian penyuluhan pertanian pangan di Indonesia bergerak menuju integrasi teknologi digital, penguatan keberlanjutan pertanian, dan pembaruan kebijakan penyuluhan yang adaptif.
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Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 16 Tahun 2006 tentang Sistem Penyuluhan Pertanian, Perikanan, dan Kehutanan.
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