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Peran Teknologi Presisi dalam Mewujudkan Pertanian Berkelanjutan: Systematic Literature Review
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Latar belakang: Sektor pertanian di negara berkembang menghadapi tantangan akibat degradasi sumber daya, perubahan iklim, dan meningkatnya kebutuhan pangan, sehingga membutuhkan pendekatan produksi yang lebih efisien dan berkelanjutan. Kajian sebelumnya umumnya membahas teknologi presisi dan keberlanjutan secara terpisah. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji keterkaitan jenis teknologi presisi, kontribusinya terhadap dimensi ekonomi, sosial dan lingkungan, serta hambatannya dalam konteks negara berkembang.
Metode: Kajian ini dilakukan menggunakan metode Systematic Literature Review (SLR) terhadap artikel ilmiah yang dipublikasikan dalam basis data Scopus. Proses seleksi mengikuti pedoman PRISMA yang mencakup tahap identifikasi, penyaringan, penentuan kelayakan, dan inklusi dengan fokus pada publikasi yang membahas pertanian presisi di negara berkembang. Hasil penelusuran literatur mengidentifikasi 65 artikel ilmiah, dengan 17 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi yang telah ditetapkan pada periode publikasi 2020–2025. Data dianalisis secara tematik untuk mengidentifikasi jenis teknologi yang digunakan, kontribusinya terhadap efisiensi usaha tani, serta dampak penerapannya dalam konteks keberlanjutan.
Hasil: .Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa teknologi seperti remote sensing, drone dan Geographic Information System (GIS) berkontribusi terhadap efisiensi input dan keberlanjutan lingkungan, namun tingkat adopsinya masih rendah karena keterbatasan modal, infrastruktur dan kapasitas Sumber Daya Manusia (SDM).
Kesimpulan: Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahwa pertanian presisi memiliki potensi besar dalam mendukung usaha tani yang berkelanjutan melalui dukungan terhadap peningkatan akses teknologi, penguatan kapasitas petani dan kebijakan yang berpihak pada digitalisasi pertanian berkelanjutan.
Received: 03 Dec 2025; Accepted: 10 Mar 2026; Available Online: 30 Mar 2026;
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