Pengaruh Pupuk Hayati dan Briket Amelioran terhadap Bakteri Penambat N, N-Total, Serapan N, dan Bobot Kering Padi pada Tanah Salin
Abstract viewed : 85 times, pdf downloaded : 64 times
Abstract
Cekaman salinitas merupakan faktor penghambat dalam pertumbuhan tanaman padi pada tanah salin. Pupuk hayati yang mengandung bakteri Klebsiella pneumoniae dan Pseudomonas stutzeri dapat mengurangi dampak cekaman salinitas pada tanaman padi. Selain itu, pemberian briket amelioran juga mampu meningkatkan kualitas tanah salin sehingga tanaman dapat tumbuh dengan optimal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi pupuk hayati dan briket amelioran dalam meningkatkan populasi bakteri penambat N, N-total tanah, serapan N, dan bobot kering padi pada tanah salin. Percobaan ini dilakukan di Rumah Kaca Kebun Percobaan Ciparanje, Fakultas Pertanian, Universitas Padjadjaran dari bulan Oktober 2022 sampai Juni 2023. Percobaan ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 12 kombinasi perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Perlakuan yang diaplikasikan adalah pemberian pupuk hayati, briket amelioran, dan kombinasinya pada tanah non salin, tanah dengan salinitas 4 dan 8 dS.m-1. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan bahwa pemberian pupuk hayati dan briket amelioran dapat meningkatkan populasi bakteri penambat N, N-total tanah, serapan N, dan bobot kering tanaman padi pada tanah salin. Perlakuan pupuk hayati yang dikombinasikan dengan briket amelioran pada tanah salin 4 dS.m-1 lebih baik dalam meningkatkan populasi bakteri penambat N, N-total tanah, serapan N, dan bobot kering tanaman padi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan tanpa pupuk hayati maupun briket amelioran pada tingkat salinitas yang sama. Perlakuan pupuk hayati yang dikombinasikan dengan briket amelioran pada tanah salin 8 dS.m-1 lebih baik dalam meningkatkan populasi bakteri penambat N dan N-total tanah dibandingkan dengan perlakuan tanpa pupuk hayati maupun briket amelioran pada tingkat salinitas yang sama.
References
Abbas, R., Rasul, S., Aslam, K., Baber, M., Shahid, M., Mubeen, F., & Naqqash, T. (2019). Halotolerant PGPR: A hope for cultivation of saline soils. Journal of King Saud University-Science. 31(4), 1195-1201.
Abdelgadir, E. M., Oka, M., dan Fujiyama, H. (2005). Characteristics of nitrate uptake by plants under salinity. Journal of Plant Nutrition. 28(1), 33-46.
Aini, N., Dwi Yamika, W. S., Aini, L. Q., dan Kurniawan, A. P. (2021). Application of saline tolerant bacteria and soil ameliorants improved growth, yield and nutrient uptake of tomato in saline land. Australian Journal of Crop Science. 15(6), 827-834.
Ajema, L. (2018). Effects of biochar application on beneficial soil organism. Int. J. Res. Stud. Sci. Eng. Technol. 5(5), 9-18.
Al-Azmiya, N. U., Khumairah, F. H., Setiawati, M. R., dan Simarmata, T. (2021). Uji Viabilitas Isolat Bakteri Penambat Nitrogen Halotoleran pada Komposisi Bahan Pembawa yang Berbeda. Jurnal Agroekoteknologi. 13(1), 97-104.
Al-Enazy, A. A., Al-Barakah, F., Al-Oud, S., & Usman, A. (2018). Effect of phosphogypsum application and bacteria co-inoculation on biochemical properties and nutrient availability to maize plants in a saline soil. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science. 64(10), 1394-1406.
[BPS] Badan Pusat Statistik. (2022). Produksi Padi Tahun 2021 Turun 0,43 persen (Angka Tetap). [online]. Tersedia di https,//www.bps.go.id/pressrelease/2022/03/01/1909/produksi-padi-tahun-2021-turun-0-43-persen--angka-tetap-.html.
Buttar, G. S., Thind, H. S., Sekhon, K. S., Kaur, A., Gill, R. S., Sidhu, B. S., & Aujla, M. S. (2017). Management of saline-sodic water in cotton-wheat cropping system. J. Agr. Sci. Tech. 19(1), 465-474.
Byrt, C. S., Munns, R., Burton, R. A., Gilliham, M., & Wege, S. (2018). Root cell wall solutions for crop plants in saline soils. Plant science. 269(4), 47-55.
Cahyadi, A., Adji, T. N., Marfai, M. A., Novidanaru, S., & Agniy, R. F. (2017). Analisis Dampak Intrusi Air Laut Terhadap Air tanah di Pulau Koral Pramuka, DKI Jakarta. Geografi Indonesia. 31(2), 61-66.
Dobermann, A. & Fairhurst, T.H. (2000). Rice, Nutrient disorders dan nutrient management in rice. International Rice Research Institute dan Potash dan Phosphate Institute of Canada. 72–83p.
Fatma, M., Asgher, M., Masood, A., & Khan, N. A. (2014). Excess sulfur supplementation improves photosynthesis and growth in mustard under salt stress through increased production of glutathione. Environmental and Experimental Botany. 8(107), 55-63.
Gardner, F.P., R.B. Pearce, & R. L. Mitchell. (2008). Fisiologi Tanaman Budidaya. Jakarta: UI Press.
Gomez, K.A. & A.A. Gomez. (2007). Prosedur Statistika untuk Penelitian Pertanian (Terjemahan). Edisi Kedua. Jakarta: UI Press. 698p.
Gondek, M., Weindorf, D. C., Thiel, C., & Kleinheinz, G. (2020). Soluble salts in compost dan their effects on soil dan plants, A review. Compost science and utilization. 28(2), 59-75.
Hassan, T. U., & Bano, A. (2015). Role of carrier-based biofertilizer in reclamation of saline soil and wheat growth. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science. 61(12), 1719-1731.
Indriani, F. N., Hindersah, R., & Suryatmana, P. (2017). N-Total, Serapan N, dan Pertumbuhan Kacang Tanah (Arachis hypogaea L.) Akibat Inokulasi Azotobacter dan Bahan Organik pada Tailing Tambang Emas Pulau Buru, Maluku. Soilrens. 15(2), 33-40.
Kapadia, C., Sayyed, R. Z., El Enshasy, H. A., Vaidya, H., Sharma, D., Patel, N., & Zuan, A. T. K. (2021). Halotolerant microbial consortia for sustainable mitigation of salinity stress, growth promotion, and mineral uptake in tomato plants and soil nutrient enrichment. Sustainability. 13(15), 8369.
Karolinoerita, V., & Yusuf, W. A. (2020). Salinisasi lahan dan permasalahannya di Indonesia. Jurnal Sumberdaya Lahan. 14(2), 91-99.
Khan, M. A., Asaf, S., Khan, A. L., Adhikari, A., Jan, R., Ali, S., & Lee, I. J. (2020). Plant growth promoting endophytic bacteria augment growth dan salinity tolerance in rice plants. Plant Biology. 22(5), 850-862.
Khumairah, F. H., Setiawati, M. R., Fitriatin, B. N., Simarmata, T., Alfaraj, S., Ansari, M. J., & Najafi, S. (2022). Halotolerant Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria isolated from saline soil improve nitrogen fixation and alleviate salt stress in rice plants. Frontiers in Microbiology. 13(905210), 1-14.
Kusmiyati, F., Sumarsono, S., & Karno, K. (2014). Pengaruh perbaikan tanah salin terhadap karakter fisiologis Calopogonium mucunoides. Pastura, Jurnal Ilmu Tumbuhan Pakan Ternak. 4(1), 1–6.
Kusrachdiyanti, N. M., Khumairah, F. H., Hindersah, R., & Simarmata, T. (2020). Penjaringan Dan Uji Hayati Isolat Rhizobakteri Penambat Nitrogen Pemacu Tumbuh Dari Ekosistem Tanah Salin. Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian. 16(2), 116-125.
Kusumarini, N., Nugroho, G. A., Adella, N. D., Indahsari, D. N., Syaadah, L. Z., Hasanah, U., & Kurniawan, S. (2021). Adaptation to climate change on rice cultivation in the marginal coastal ldan through optimizing soil ameliorant application. In IOP Conference Series, Earth dan Environmental Science. 8241(1), 1-9.
Mahanty, T., Bhattacharjee, S., Goswami, M., Bhattacharyya, P., Das, B., Ghosh, A., & Tribedi, P. (2017). Biofertilizers, a potential approach for sustainable agriculture development. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 21p.
Mazid, M., & Khan, T. A. (2015). Future of bio-fertilizers in Indian agriculture: an overview. International Journal of Agricultural and Food Research. 3(3), 10-23.
Miliute, I., Buzaite, O., Baniulis, D., & Stanys, V. (2015). Bacterial endophytes in agricultural crops and their role in stress tolerance: a review. Zemdirbyste-Agriculture. 102(4), 465-478.
Mual, C. D., Wahyuni, W., & Widayati, O. (2024). Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Organik Padat Rumput Laut Coklat terhadap Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kangkung Darat (Ipomoea reptans Poir) di Kabupaten Manokwari Provinsi Papua Barat. Jurnal Triton, 15(1), 37-48.
Nasrudin, N., Isnaeni, S., & Hamdah, H. (2021). Respon Pertumbuhan Vegetatif Padi (Oryza sativa L.) Tercekam Salinitas Menggunakan Dua Jenis Amelioran Organik dengan Umur Bibit Berbeda. Agroteknika. 4(2), 75-85.
Negacz, K., Malek, Ž., de Vos, A., & Vellinga, P. (2022). Saline soils worldwide, Identifying the most promising areas for saline agriculture. Journal of arid environments. 203, 104775.
Noori, F., Etesami, H., Zarini, H. N., Khoshkholgh-Sima, N. A., Salekdeh, G. H., & Alishahi, F. (2018). Mining alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) nodules for salinity tolerant non-rhizobial bacteria to improve growth of alfalfa under salinity stress. Ecotoxicology and environmental safety. 162, 129-138.
Parihar, P., Singh, S., Singh, R., Singh, V. P., & Prasad, S. M. (2015). Effect of salinity stress on plants and its tolerance strategies: a review. Environmental science and pollution research. 22, 4056-4075.
Pattanagul, W., & Thitisaksakul, M. (2008). Effect of salinity stress on growth and carbohydrate metabolism in three rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars differing in salinity tolerance. Indian Journal of Experimental Biology. 46, 736-742.
Paul, D., & Lade, H. (2014). Plant-growth-promoting rhizobacteria to improve crop growth in saline soils: a review. Agronomy for sustainable development. 34, 737-752.
Pradewa, C. J., Sumarsono, S., & Kusmiyati, F. (2012). Karakteristik fisiologi rumput benggala (Panicum maximum) pada tanah salin yang diperbaiki. Animal Agriculture Journal. 1(2), 278-285.
Rashid, M. I., Mujawar, L. H., Shahzad, T., Almeelbi, T., Ismail, I. M., & Oves, M. (2016). Bacteria and fungi can contribute to nutrients bioavailability and aggregate formation in degraded soils. Microbiological research. 10(183), 26-41.
Rietz, D. N., & Haynes, R. J. (2003). Effects of irrigation-induced salinity and sodicity on soil microbial activity. Soil Biology and Biochemistry. 35(6), 845-854.
Rustikawati, R., Simarmata, M., Turmudi, E., & Herison, C. (2014). Penentuan kadar garam kultur hara untuk seleksi toleransi salinitas pada padi lokal Bengkulu. Akta Agrosia. 17(2), 101-107.
Saputra, I. (2016). Efek Dosis Pupuk Nitrogen dan Varietas terhadap Efisiensi Pemupukan, Serapan Hara N dan Pertumbuhan Padi Lokal Aceh Dataran. Jurnal Penelitian Agrosamudra. 3(2), 61-71.
Sen, S., & Chdanrasekhar, C. N. (2014). Effect of PGPR on growth promotion of rice (Oryza sativa L.) under salt stress. Asian J Plant Sci Res. 4(5), 62-67.
Seneviratne, M., Weerasundara, L., Ok, Y. S., Rinklebe, J., & Vithanage, M. (2017). Phytotoxicity attenuation in Vigna radiata under heavy metal stress at the presence of biochar and N fixing bacteria. Journal of Environmental Management. 10(186), 293-300.
Setiawati, M. R., Arief, D. H., Suryatmana, P., & Hudaya, R. (2008). Aplikasi Bakteri Endofitik Penambat N2 untuk Meningkatkan Populasi Bakteri Endofitik dan Hasil Tanaman Padi Sawah. Agrikultura. 19(3), 13-19.
Setiawati, M. R., Al-Azmiya, N. U., Khumairah, F. H., & Simarmata, T. (2022). Halotolerant n-fixing bacteria isolates for increasing the biochemical activity, total bacteria population, N-uptake dan rice seedling growth. KnE Life Sciences. 21(1), 1-9.
Shilev, S. (2020). Plant-growth-promoting bacteria mitigating soil salinity stress in plants. Applied Sciences. 10(7326), 1-20.
Shrivastava, P., & Kumar, R. (2015). Soil salinity, A serious environmental issue dan plant growth promoting bacteria as one of the tools for its alleviation. Saudi journal of biological sciences. 22(2), 123-131.
Srinivasan, R., Yandigeri, M. S., Kashyap, S., & Alagawadi, A. R. (2012). Effect of salt on survival and P-solubilization potential of phosphate solubilizing microorganisms from salt affected soils. Saudi journal of biological sciences. 19(4), 427-434.
Stamford, N. P., Freitas, A. D. S., Ferraz, D. S., Montenegro, A., & Santos, C. E. R. S. (2003). Nitrogen fixation and growth of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) and yam bean (Pachyrhizus erosus) in a sodic soil as affected by gypsum and sulphur inoculated with Thiobacillus and rhizobial inoculation. Tropical Grasslands. 37(1), 11-19.
Wang, Q., Dodd, I. C., Belimov, A. A., & Jiang, F. (2016). Rhizosphere bacteria containing 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase increase growth and photosynthesis of pea plants under salt stress by limiting Na+ accumulation. Functional Plant Biology. 43(2), 161-172.
Waskito, H., Purwanti, E. W., Sa’diyyah, I., & Budianto, B. (2022). Pengaruh Interval Pemberian Konsorsium Bakteri Endofit dan Jenis Pupuk Kandang terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Produksi Jagung Manis. Jurnal Triton, 13(1), 37-42.
Yao, L., Wu, Z., Zheng, Y., Kaleem, I., & Li, C. (2010). Growth promotion and protection against salt stress by Pseudomonas putida Rs-198 on cotton. European Journal of Soil Biology. 46(1), 49-54.
Zakery-Asl, M. A., Bolandnazar, S., & Oustan, S. (2014). Effect of salinity and nitrogen on growth, sodium, potassium accumulation, and osmotic adjustment of halophyte Suaeda aegyptiaca (Hasselq.) Zoh. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science. 60(6), 785-792.
