Analisis Kerugian Pasca Panen melalui Commodity System Assesment Method pada Komoditas Tomat di Indonesia


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  • Thabed Tholib Baladraf IPB University
Keywords: Commodity system assesment method, Rantai pasok, Tomat

Abstract

Tomat merupakan tanaman hortikultura yang banyak ditanam dan menjadi kebutuhan utama dalam setiap proses pangan, sayangnya tomat memiliki sifat perishable yaitu mudah rusak karena karakteristiknya. Hal ini menyebabkan tomat seringkali mengalami penurunan kualitas hingga susut bobot. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya identifikasi melalui penelitian ini. Penelirian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui jumlah jalur distribusi, pelaksanaan penanganan pasca panen, dan dampak yang ditimbulkan pada komoditas tomat mulai hulu hingga hilir yang ada di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Commodity System Assesment Method (CSAM) dan dilakukan pengumpulan data melalui penyebaran kuesioner, observasi, dan wawancara terhadap pelaku rantai pasok. Hasil penelitian yang diperoleh menunjukkan terdapat 4 saluran distribusi untuk komoditas tomat di Indonesia yaitu jalur 1 (melalui petani, pengecer, hingga ke konsumen), jalur 2 (melalui petani, pedagang, pasar tradisional, hingga ke konsumen), jalur 3 (melalui petani, pengepul, pengecer/supermarket, hingga ke konsumen), dan jalur 4 (melalui petani, pengepul, pedagang, pengecer, hingga ke konsumen). Hasil identifikasi dampak penanganan pasca panen terhadap kehilangan susut bobot pada komoditas tomat di Indonesia menunjukkan hasil pada tingkat petani sebesar 5.06% (tidak signfiikan), pengepul 10.18% (signifikan), pengecer 10% (signifikan), pedagang 4.71% (tidak signifikan), dan supermarket sebesar 3% (tidak signifikan). Perlu adanya perbaikan dalam siklus rantai pasok tomat yang ada di Indonesia dari sisi fasilitas, kelembagaan, hingga lingkungan supaya dapat tercipta rantai pasok komoditas tomat yang berkelanjutan.

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Published
2024-10-18